Periodic or constant back pain occurs in almost every modern person.Almost no one pays attention to discomfort or uncontrollably consumes painkillers if intense pain torments.This approach can cause serious diseases and complications in the future.
If you are concerned about constant back pain, we advise you to contact the Center for Neurology for advice.Careful and highly qualified neurologists who are ready to save you from the disease in a short time are taking the reception.
Why does the back hurt?
This may be due to diseases of the internal organs, a spinal injury (including a fracture), neurological pains usually indicate osteochondrosis, and sometimes it is a symptom of the gastrointestinal tract pathology, kidneys, etc.
In addition, the back to some extent is predisposed to injury and pain.The spine carries out at least 4 functions: supporting, protective, depreciation and motor.Therefore, if pain has appeared, this may be the result of poor posture, a strong one -time load, a sharp movement or turn.
What to do with back pain?
Consult a doctor, undergo an examination.Based on the diagnosis, it will become clear how to cure pain in the back, depending on its root cause.
The causes of back pain
Back pain means not only serious pathologies.For example, pain in coughing or walking can be caused by simple overvoltage.However, it is often a symptom of various diseases, the manifestations of which depend on many factors.
Why does the back hurt after sleep?
Possible reasons why in the morning after sleep there are pain in the back:
- hypothermia;
- a sharp lifting of weights during the day (or in 3-4 days), causing night pain;
- osteochondrosis;
- intervertebral hernia;
- the wrong body position when you lie;
- improperly selected mattress;
- in women among the causes - pregnancy;
- curvature of the spine, entailing asymmetric muscle contraction;
- overweight and weakness of muscles;
- stress.
Diseases associated with joints and vertebrates
Back pain in this case means that they may be present:
- osteochondrosis;
- spondylolistz;
- Ankylosing spondylitis;
- Bekhterev disease;
- osteomyelitis;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- displacement of intervertebral discs;
- Reuters syndrome;
- A hernia of the intervertebral disc.
Diseases associated with muscles
Why do the back muscles hurt?
Very often, muscle pains are associated with a large load, fatigue, hypothermia.Spasms and seals may occur, as well as a decrease in mobility and pain (fibromyalgia).In addition, the back can hurt the following muscle pathologies:
- Charcot disease, or bass;
- dermatomyositis (additionally manifested by rash);
- Rabdomyolysis;
- polymiositis;
- infection of muscle tissue, abscess;
- Rheumatic polymyalgia.
Spinal cord pathologies
The spinal cord is an organ that provides a connection between the body and the brain.Through the holes between the vertebrae from the spinal cord, pairs of spinal nerves depart - there are 31 of them. Each nerve innervates a certain part of the body.If you find numbness of the skin (locally), muscle weakness, limbs, the spinal cord or some nerve is damaged.
More diseases:
- compression of the spinal cord (for example, with a fracture or cervical spondylosis, abscess, hematoma);
- spinal injury;
- cavities filled with liquid;
- an inflammatory process caused, for example, by acute transverse myelitis;
- impaired body supply of blood;
- HIV;
- abscess;
- deficiency of copper, vitamin B;
- syphilis;
- good or malignant neoplasms;
- hemorrhages;
- Scattered sclerosis.
Back pain due to psychosomatics
Psychological reasons are officially recognized as medicine.Psychogenic factors can affect processes that cause dysfunction in a certain place.Thus, chronic stress and prolonged depression, dissatisfaction with an intimate life can lead to constant aching pain in the lower back.
Types of back pain
Various diseases cause different types of back pain.Consider the main pathologies and the nature of the pain with them.
| The nature of the pain | Diseases that cause it |
|---|---|
| Aching back pain (acute and chronic) | Lumbago (shooting in the lower back).The reason is hard physical labor.It usually goes on its own after a few days. |
| Myositis, muscle stretching, a sharp lifting of weights, hypothermia, a long preservation of an uncomfortable posture, for example, during work. | |
| Displacement of intervertebral discs.The most common cause is osteochondrosis, but also a displacement can occur with a sharp lift in weights and constant high physical exertion. | |
| Acute | Osteochondrosis.It causes pulling back pain, which are given in the leg, become stronger when sneezing, coughing, tension. |
| Radiculitis.Constant acute (stitching) or dull pain.Usually it is localized on one side, it can be given into the thigh, buttock, leg, lower leg, sometimes causes numbness, itching.The pain is also burning, intensifies when moving. | |
| Intervertebral hernia.With such a pathology, the pain occurs when tilted, lifting weights, intensifies when sneezing, coughing, movement, accompanied by weakness in the leg. | |
| Pulsating pain, severe, may not pass after taking analgesic | Osteochondrosis, cracks in the vertebrae, lumbago, intervertebral hernia, spondylosis. |
| Pitching | In the upper back and in the middle of the sternum - it can talk about angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, pulmonary artery thromboembolism.In the lower back - intestinal obstruction, spondylarthrosis. |
| Pressure | Angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, problems with the gallbladder (pain occurs after eating), atherosclerosis, hypertensive crisis. |
By localization
Consider the possible causes of pain in various parts of the back.
Pain in the right
The back in the back on the right can occur with kidney problems, sometimes it speaks of inflammation of the appendix.In addition, there is a list of diseases that are characterized by pain in the right side from the back:
- The curvature of the spine is the most common reason why the sides hurt;
- displacement of intervertebral discs;
- gastrointestinal diseases;
- kidney stones (pain gives back to the right side of the back, under the ribs, in the stomach);
- obesity;
- gynecological diseases, most often inflammatory;
- diseases of the respiratory system (if it hurts at the top right), with aching and dull pain, the transition of pathology to the chronic stage is possible;
- impaired function of the peripheral nervous system;
- injuries;
- muscles located near the spine;
- too strong physical activity;
- Ectopic pregnancy.
Pain in the left
If the pain is localized in the back in the side on the left, under the ribs or in the lower back, perhaps this:
- pathology of the spine (inflammation, pinching, etc.);
- Diseases of the kidneys and urinary system (accompanied by swelling of the legs);
- gastrointestinal diseases;
- spleen diseases.
In the left hypochondrium and above:
- respiratory diseases;
- cardiovascular disease;
- osteochondrosis;
- intercostal neuralgia.
Pulling pain in the left side from the back in the lower part Talks about the pathologies of the reproductive system.
Lumbar
If the back hurts in the lower back, such discomfort is characteristic of osteochondrosis, hernia, radiculitis.Pain in the muscles of the back in the lower back occur due to injuries, excessive load.
Other causes of lumbar back pain:
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- Reuters syndrome;
- spinal infections and intervertebral discs (brucellosis, tuberculosis, abscess);
- tumor;
- pinching of the nerve;
- osteochondrosis;
- sciatica;
- osteoporosis.
In the area of the blades
Pain In the upper back (in the shoulder blades) on the left:
- diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
- problems with the lungs (pneumonia, abscess, pleurisy);
- impaired gastric function;
- pathology in cardiological profile (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction);
- spinal diseases (osteochondrosis, hernia, scoliosis, spondylosis, spondyl arthrosis);
- muscle inflammation;
- spleen diseases.
Pain under the right spatula from the back:
- injury;
- infections;
- osteomyelitis;
- cholecystitis;
- liver colic;
- pancreatitis;
- gallstone disease;
- cirrhosis;
- osteochondrosis of the cervical region;
- scoliosis;
- intercostal neuralgia;
- Vegetes -vascular dystonia.
Pain along the spine and in the back
One of the main reasons why the spine hurts is Compression of nervous processes.It may be accompanied by hernia, scoliosis, vertebral displacement.Other reasons:
- osteoarthrosis;
- myalgia;
- osteochondrosis (pain in the spine can occur in the middle of the back, in cervical or lumbar parts);
- overwork of muscles;
- curvature of the spine (scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis);
- spinal protrusion;
- fracture, trauma of the spine;
- inflammation of the sciatic nerve;
- anomalies of the structure of the spinal column;
- radiculitis;
- Bekhterev disease;
- spondylosis.
The causes of pain below the lower back
A considerable percentage of cases of pain in the back of the back is:
- spondylarthrosis;
- osteochondrosis.
Other reasons:
- scoliosis;
- infections of the vertebrae and intervertebral discs;
- inflammation of a non -infectious nature;
- gastrointestinal diseases;
- muscle stretching;
- displacement of intervertebral discs.
Symptoms that accompany pain in the back
Episodic pains, even intensifying at the load, are non -hazardous.However, if there are no improvements within 3-5 days, and the pain in the back is intensified, you need to urgently consult a doctor.
Consider the symptoms of back pain in the spine.
Lumbar:
- weakness in the legs;
- numbness or soreness of the buttocks, hips, legs, fingers of the feet, feet;
- rapid urination or, conversely, is very rare;
- Reducing sensitivity during defecation and urination.
Signs of back pain in the neck:
- frequent headaches;
- weakness in the hands;
- sharp changes in blood pressure;
- increased or reduced blood pressure;
- Numbness and soreness in the hands, shoulders, fingers, hands.
The thoracic region:
- soreness under the shoulder blade (possibly exacerbation of pain during movement);
- burning in the sternum or between the shoulder blades.
Situations in which you need to consult a doctor as soon as possible
Soreness in the back, if it is not related to serious pathologies, takes 3-4 days.If this does not happen, you must definitely visit a doctor.In addition, the reasons for urgent contacting a specialist are:
- very intense pain;
- pain that intensifies at night;
- when it hurts in any position of the body and you cannot take a pose in which relief occurs;
- pain that arose suddenly and for the first time in his life;
- when a person suffers from the pain syndrome either younger than 20 years or older than 55;
- recent back injury;
- fever;
- decrease in body weight for no apparent reason;
- progressive disorders on the profile of neurology;
- general weakness;
- Change of gait;
- long -term intake of corticosteroids;
- an increase in pain during a month, the lack of improvements against the background of therapy;
- pain radiates in the leg, especially below the knee;
- In one or both legs, weakness occurs, numbness of the skin, tingling.
DIAGNOSTICS
To make a diagnosis for back pain, you need to make an appointment with a neurologist, if necessary, take tests, and also under the purpose of the specialist undergo a hardware study.
- Blood tests.
They allow you to determine the presence of infection, ESR (increased rate of erythrocyte settlement, which indicates inflammation, infection).If an increased level of leukocytes is detected, then this is also a sign of inflammation, infection.Also, iron deficiency anemia, the cause of which can be oncology, can be determined by blood.
- Hardware diagnostics.
- Duplex and triplex Uz-scanning vessels of the neck and brain.Allows you to determine the structure and patency of blood vessels, the presence of narrowing or expansion, plaques, blood clots, as well as the correspondence of blood flow with norms.It is used in the diagnosis of the causes of headaches, dizziness, increased pressure, as well as for suspicions of cerebrovascular accident, with early diagnosis of pre -intelligence states.
- MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). The most accurate and effective examination method.Allows you to visualize tumors on the vertebrae, hernia of the intervertebral discs, compression (and its degree) of the spinal nerves and spinal cord, narrowing of the spinal canal, inflammatory changes, including post -traumatic ones.MRI is necessarily carried out before the operation and in the postoperative period.
- CT (computed tomography). It reveals the fractures of the vertebrae and their character, allows you to find even very small fragments if they were formed during injury.Based on the data obtained, you can create a 3D image of the desired area.CT “sees” what remains unnoticed by radiography.
- Radiography. Allows you to assess the state of bone structures.It is carried out to diagnose fractures, arthritis, spondylolisthesis, degree of posture disorders.It can be carried out with functional samples, that is, when the patient bends and extends the spine during the examination.Visualizes inflammation of the joints in the spine, helps, according to indirect signs, to identify the localization of the compression of nerve processes.The degree of intensity of the coloring of the vertebrae in the picture allows you to evaluate their fortress (with osteoporosis they are more “transparent”, and when healthy are bright white).
- Electromyography (EMG). A study aimed at determining the state of nervous tissue.In the course of it, electrom towels are evaluated, which are carried out by nerves, as well as the reaction of the muscles to them.Electromyography helps to detect the compression of the nerve that occurred due to stenosis (narrowing) of the spinal canal or intervertebral hernia.
- Bone scanning. This study is necessary if the doctor suspects the tumor on the bones or a compression fracture against the background of osteoporosis.
Treatment of back pain
Most often, patients do not know which doctor to contact.A neurologist is engaged in a complex treatment of back pain.It is to him that you need to contact with problems with the spine.However, before the arrival of a specialist or a visit to him, you need to provide first aid for back pain.
How to relieve or relieve pain at home?
The most important thing is to relax.To do this, you need to lie on the stomach on a solid and even surface.Best of all - on the floor.After a few minutes, you need to carefully roll over on your back and raise your legs, fixing them so that the hips are at an angle of 90 degrees.So you remove the load from the spine.
You can use anti -inflammatory drugs in the form of ointments and creams.After removing the pain syndrome, you need to gently rise and fix the painful area, for example, bandaging with a scarf or towel.
How to anesthetize if there are no painkillers?
You can relieve severe pain with such a simple tool as a cold compress.It will not give complete deliverance, but will alleviate the condition.This can be a product from the freezer, a package with ice, etc. Also, help with pain can be provided by applying a heating compress or heating pad.It is only important not to overheat a sore spot.
What else helps?
Easy physical activity aimed at kneading muscles, increasing blood circulation will help relieve discomfort.It can be a leisurely walk, muscle stretching exercises.
Medicine against pain: Methods of medical intervention
First of all, the disease that caused pain is established and its treatment begins.Along the way to relieve discomfort, treatment of chronic pain, medicines are used:
- analgesics, NSAIDs, in rare cases - narcotic painkillers;
- B vitamins;
- Musorelaxants.
A person is prescribed bed rest, wearing a fixing corset (for example, in neuralgia).
An important stage of treatment is physiotherapy.Her main methods:
- electrophoresis with drugs;
- phonophoresis;
- laser therapy;
- Magnetic therapy.
Also carried out reflexology:
- electroneurostimulation;
- Acupuncture techniques.
Massage, osteopathy, manual therapy, and exercise therapy are effective for back pain.These methods are used when pain is caused by diseases of the muscles and spine, during rehabilitation after injuries.
Prevention
Clinical recommendations for prevention of intervertebral hernias and osteochondrosis:
- move more, do gymnastics in the morning, engage in yoga;
- take a contrast shower followed by rubbing with a towel to enhance metabolic processes;
- Once every six months, undergo a massage course (up to 10 sessions);
- maintain liver health, because collagen production depends on it;
- increase immunity;
- avoid stress, establish an even psychological background;
- Monitoring the weight, because every extra 10 kg is about 0.5 kg of additional load per vertebra, which leads to rapid wear.
In addition, it is important:
- Stand correctly and walk.Correct posture is when you get up to the wall and touch it with a nape, shoulder blades, buttocks and heels.When walking and standing, you need to try to maintain this situation.
- Sit in the right pose: do not throw back far back, do not lean forward.You should tightly press your back against the back of the chair, have support under the lower back and neck.Every 15 minutes - change the position of the legs, stretch.
- Sleep on anatomically correct or orthopedic mattress.
- After waking up, even in bed, do simple exercises with your feet and hands, stretch before you get up (you need to do this without sudden movements).
- Do not wear heavy bags in one hand.It is better to distribute purchases evenly by two packages.
- Do not wear a bag over the shoulder.It is more useful for the back - a backpack with two straps.
- A small child needs to be worn with a straight back, not to bend back.It’s completely best to wear a baby on his chest in a special sling, and a little grown up - behind.
- When transferring heavy objects, do not bend and do not rotate the body.
- Do not bend when cleaning - use an extension cord for a vacuum cleaner handle and a mop (do not wash the floors with only a rag, kneeling).
- More often eat grapes, apples, strawberries, pears, lentils, hazelnuts, pumpkin, green salad, raspberry.
- Follow the balance of magnesium and potassium in the diet.Eat nuts, fish, seafood, spinach, cabbage, beans, peas.
- Exclude bad habits - alcohol and smoking.
- Engage in swimming, running (but only with shock absorbing insoles and in special sports shoes), skiing.
Be sure to visit doctors for preventive examinations in order to prevent a deterioration in the situation in the presence of a disease and start treatment on time.